# arduino-mqtt

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This library bundles the [lwmqtt](https://github.com/256dpi/lwmqtt) MQTT 3.1.1 client and adds a thin wrapper to get an Arduino like API.

Download the latest version from the [release](https://github.com/256dpi/arduino-mqtt/releases) section. Or even better use the builtin Library Manager in the Arduino IDE and search for "MQTT".

The library is also available on [PlatformIO](https://platformio.org/lib/show/617/MQTT). You can install it by running: `pio lib install "MQTT"`. 

## Compatibility

The following examples show how you can use the library with various Arduino compatible hardware:

- [Arduino Yun & Yun-Shield](https://github.com/256dpi/arduino-mqtt/blob/master/examples/ArduinoYun/ArduinoYun.ino) ([Secure](https://github.com/256dpi/arduino-mqtt/blob/master/examples/ArduinoYunSecure/ArduinoYunSecure.ino))
- [Arduino Ethernet Shield](https://github.com/256dpi/arduino-mqtt/blob/master/examples/ArduinoEthernetShield/ArduinoEthernetShield.ino)    
- [Arduino WiFi Shield](https://github.com/256dpi/arduino-mqtt/blob/master/examples/ArduinoWiFiShield/ArduinoWiFiShield.ino)
- [Adafruit HUZZAH ESP8266](https://github.com/256dpi/arduino-mqtt/blob/master/examples/AdafruitHuzzahESP8266/AdafruitHuzzahESP8266.ino) ([Secure](https://github.com/256dpi/arduino-mqtt/blob/master/examples/AdafruitHuzzahESP8266Secure/AdafruitHuzzahESP8266Secure.ino))
- [Arduino/Genuino WiFi101 Shield](https://github.com/256dpi/arduino-mqtt/blob/master/examples/ArduinoWiFi101/ArduinoWiFi101.ino) ([Secure](https://github.com/256dpi/arduino-mqtt/blob/master/examples/ArduinoWiFi101Secure/ArduinoWiFi101Secure.ino))
- [Arduino MKR GSM 1400](https://github.com/256dpi/arduino-mqtt/blob/master/examples/ArduinoMKRGSM1400/ArduinoMKRGSM1400.ino) ([Secure](https://github.com/256dpi/arduino-mqtt/blob/master/examples/ArduinoMKRGSM1400Secure/ArduinoMKRGSM1400Secure.ino))
- [ESP32 Development Board](https://github.com/256dpi/arduino-mqtt/blob/master/examples/ESP32DevelopmentBoard/ESP32DevelopmentBoard.ino) ([Secure](https://github.com/256dpi/arduino-mqtt/blob/master/examples/ESP32DevelopmentBoardSecure/ESP32DevelopmentBoardSecure.ino))

Other shields and boards should also work if they provide a [Client](https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/ClientConstructor) based network implementation.

## Notes

- The maximum size for packets being published and received is set by default to 128 bytes. To change the buffer sizes, you need to use `MQTTClient client(256)` instead of just `MQTTClient client` on the top of your sketch. The passed value denotes the read and write buffer size.

- On the ESP8266 it has been reported that an additional `delay(10);` after `client.loop();` fixes many stability issues with WiFi connections.

- To use the library with shiftr.io, you need to provide the token key (username) and token secret (password) as the second and third argument to `client.connect(name, key, secret)`. 

## Example

The following example uses an Arduino MKR1000 to connect to shiftr.io. You can check on your device after a successful connection here: https://shiftr.io/try.

```c++
#include <SPI.h>
#include <WiFi101.h>
#include <MQTT.h>

const char ssid[] = "ssid";
const char pass[] = "pass";

WiFiClient net;
MQTTClient client;

unsigned long lastMillis = 0;

void connect() {
  Serial.print("checking wifi...");
  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    Serial.print(".");
    delay(1000);
  }

  Serial.print("\nconnecting...");
  while (!client.connect("arduino", "try", "try")) {
    Serial.print(".");
    delay(1000);
  }

  Serial.println("\nconnected!");

  client.subscribe("/hello");
  // client.unsubscribe("/hello");
}

void messageReceived(String &topic, String &payload) {
  Serial.println("incoming: " + topic + " - " + payload);
}

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  WiFi.begin(ssid, pass);

  // Note: Local domain names (e.g. "Computer.local" on OSX) are not supported by Arduino.
  // You need to set the IP address directly.
  client.begin("broker.shiftr.io", net);
  client.onMessage(messageReceived);

  connect();
}

void loop() {
  client.loop();

  if (!client.connected()) {
    connect();
  }

  // publish a message roughly every second.
  if (millis() - lastMillis > 1000) {
    lastMillis = millis();
    client.publish("/hello", "world");
  }
}
```

## API

Initialize the object using the hostname of the broker, the brokers port (default: `1883`) and the underlying Client class for network transport:

```c++
void begin(const char hostname[], Client &client);
void begin(const char hostname[], int port, Client &client);
```

- Specify port `8883` when using secure clients for encrypted connections.
- Local domain names (e.g. `Computer.local` on OSX) are not supported by Arduino. You need to set the IP address directly.

The hostname and port can also be changed after calling `begin()`:

```c++
void setHost(const char hostname[]);
void setHost(const char hostname[], int port);
```

Set a will message (last testament) that gets registered on the broker after connecting. `setWill()` has to be called before calling `connect()`:

```c++
void setWill(const char topic[]);
void setWill(const char topic[], const char payload[]);
void setWill(const char topic[], const char payload[], bool retained, int qos);
void clearWill();
```

Register a callback to receive messages:

```c++
void onMessage(MQTTClientCallbackSimple);
// Callback signature: void messageReceived(String &topic, String &payload) {}

void onMessageAdvanced(MQTTClientCallbackAdvanced);
// Callback signature: void messageReceived(MQTTClient *client, char topic[], char payload[], int payload_length) {}
```

- The set callback is mostly called during a call to `loop()` but may also be called during a call to `subscribe()`, `unsubscribe()` or `publish() // QoS > 0` if messages have been received before receiving the required acknowledgement. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to not call `subscribe()`, `unsubscribe()` or `publish() // QoS > 0` directly in the callback.

Set more advanced options:

```c++
void setOptions(int keepAlive, bool cleanSession, int timeout);
```

- The `keepAlive` option controls the keep alive interval in seconds (default: 10).
- The `cleanSession` option controls the session retention on the broker side (default: true).
- The `timeout` option controls the default timeout for all commands in milliseconds (default: 1000). 

Connect to broker using the supplied client id and an optional username and password:

```c++
bool connect(const char clientId[], bool skip = false);
bool connect(const char clientId[], const char username[], bool skip = false);
bool connect(const char clientId[], const char username[], const char password[], bool skip = false);
```

- If the `skip` option is set to true, the client will skip the network level connection and jump to the MQTT level connection. This option can be used in order to establish and verify TLS connections manually before giving control to the MQTT client. 
- This functions returns a boolean that indicates if the connection has been established successfully.

Publishes a message to the broker with an optional payload:

```c++
bool publish(const String &topic);
bool publish(const char topic[]);
bool publish(const String &topic, const String &payload);
bool publish(const String &topic, const String &payload, bool retained, int qos);
bool publish(const char topic[], const String &payload);
bool publish(const char topic[], const String &payload, bool retained, int qos);
bool publish(const char topic[], const char payload[]);
bool publish(const char topic[], const char payload[], bool retained, int qos);
bool publish(const char topic[], const char payload[], int length);
bool publish(const char topic[], const char payload[], int length, bool retained, int qos);
```

Subscribe to a topic:

```c++
bool subscribe(const String &topic);
bool subscribe(const String &topic, int qos); 
bool subscribe(const char topic[]);
bool subscribe(const char topic[], int qos);
```

Unsubscribe from a topic:

```c++
bool unsubscribe(const String &topic);
bool unsubscribe(const char topic[]);
```

Sends and receives packets:

```c++
bool loop();
```

- This function should be called in every `loop`.

Check if the client is currently connected:

```c++
bool connected();
```

Access low-level information for debugging:

```c++
lwmqtt_err_t lastError();
lwmqtt_return_code_t returnCode();
```

- The error codes can be found [here](https://github.com/256dpi/lwmqtt/blob/master/include/lwmqtt.h#L11).
- The return codes can be found [here](https://github.com/256dpi/lwmqtt/blob/master/include/lwmqtt.h#L243).

Disconnect from the broker:

```c++
bool disconnect();
```

## Release Management

- Update version in `library.properties`.
- Create release on GitHub.