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i2cdriver/c/common/i2cdriver.c

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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <memory.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#if !defined(WIN32)
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
#include <errno.h>
#define __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "i2cdriver.h"
// **************************** Serial port ********************************
#if defined(WIN32) // {
#ifndef NOMINMAX
#define NOMINMAX
#endif
#include <windows.h>
void ErrorExit(const char *func_name)
{
// Retrieve the system error message for the last-error code
LPVOID lpMsgBuf;
DWORD dw = GetLastError();
FormatMessage(
FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER |
FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM |
FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS,
NULL,
dw,
MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT),
(LPTSTR) &lpMsgBuf,
0, NULL );
// Display the error message and exit the process
char mm[256];
snprintf(mm, sizeof(mm), "%s failed with error %lu:\n%s", func_name, dw, (char*)lpMsgBuf);
MessageBox(NULL, (LPCTSTR)mm, TEXT("Error"), MB_OK);
LocalFree(lpMsgBuf);
ExitProcess(dw);
}
HANDLE openSerialPort(const char *portname)
{
char fullname[10];
const char *fmt;
if (portname[0] == 'C')
fmt = "\\\\.\\%s";
else
fmt = "%s";
snprintf(fullname, sizeof(fullname), fmt, portname);
DWORD accessdirection = GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE;
HANDLE hSerial = CreateFile((LPCSTR)fullname,
accessdirection,
0,
0,
OPEN_EXISTING,
0,
0);
if (hSerial == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
ErrorExit("CreateFile");
}
DCB dcbSerialParams = {0};
dcbSerialParams.DCBlength=sizeof(dcbSerialParams);
if (!GetCommState(hSerial, &dcbSerialParams)) {
ErrorExit("GetCommState");
}
dcbSerialParams.BaudRate = 1000000;
dcbSerialParams.ByteSize = 8;
dcbSerialParams.StopBits = ONESTOPBIT;
dcbSerialParams.Parity = NOPARITY;
if (!SetCommState(hSerial, &dcbSerialParams)) {
ErrorExit("SetCommState");
}
COMMTIMEOUTS timeouts = {0};
timeouts.ReadIntervalTimeout = 50;
timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutConstant = 50;
timeouts.ReadTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 10;
timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutConstant = 50;
timeouts.WriteTotalTimeoutMultiplier = 10;
if (!SetCommTimeouts(hSerial, &timeouts)) {
ErrorExit("SetCommTimeouts");
}
return hSerial;
}
DWORD readFromSerialPort(HANDLE hSerial, uint8_t * buffer, int buffersize)
{
DWORD dwBytesRead = 0;
if (!ReadFile(hSerial, buffer, buffersize, &dwBytesRead, NULL)) {
ErrorExit("ReadFile");
}
return dwBytesRead;
}
DWORD writeToSerialPort(HANDLE hSerial, const uint8_t * data, int length)
{
DWORD dwBytesRead = 0;
if (!WriteFile(hSerial, data, length, &dwBytesRead, NULL)) {
ErrorExit("WriteFile");
}
return dwBytesRead;
}
void closeSerialPort(HANDLE hSerial)
{
CloseHandle(hSerial);
}
#else // }{
#include <termios.h>
int openSerialPort(const char *portname)
{
struct termios Settings;
int fd;
fd = open(portname, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY);
if (fd == -1) {
perror(portname);
return -1;
}
tcgetattr(fd, &Settings);
#if defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(B1000000)
#include <IOKit/serial/ioss.h>
#else
cfsetispeed(&Settings, B1000000);
cfsetospeed(&Settings, B1000000);
#endif
cfmakeraw(&Settings);
Settings.c_cc[VMIN] = 1;
if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &Settings) != 0) {
perror("Serial settings");
return -1;
}
#if defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(B1000000)
speed_t speed = (speed_t)1000000;
ioctl(fd, IOSSIOSPEED, &speed);
#endif
return fd;
}
int readFromSerialPort(int fd, uint8_t *b, size_t s)
{
ssize_t n, t;
t = 0;
while (t < s) {
n = read(fd, b + t, s);
if (n > 0)
t += n;
}
#ifdef VERBOSE
printf(" READ %d %d: ", (int)s, (int)n);
int i;
for (i = 0; i < s; i++)
printf("%02x ", 0xff & b[i]);
printf("\n");
#endif
return s;
}
void writeToSerialPort(int fd, const uint8_t *b, size_t s)
{
write(fd, b, s);
#ifdef VERBOSE
printf("WRITE %u: ", (int)s);
int i;
for (i = 0; i < s; i++)
printf("%02x ", 0xff & b[i]);
printf("\n");
#endif
}
void closeSerialPort(HANDLE hSerial)
{
close((int)hSerial);
}
#endif // }
// ****************************** CCITT CRC *********************************
static const uint16_t crc_table[256] = {
0x0000, 0x1021, 0x2042, 0x3063, 0x4084, 0x50a5, 0x60c6, 0x70e7,
0x8108, 0x9129, 0xa14a, 0xb16b, 0xc18c, 0xd1ad, 0xe1ce, 0xf1ef,
0x1231, 0x0210, 0x3273, 0x2252, 0x52b5, 0x4294, 0x72f7, 0x62d6,
0x9339, 0x8318, 0xb37b, 0xa35a, 0xd3bd, 0xc39c, 0xf3ff, 0xe3de,
0x2462, 0x3443, 0x0420, 0x1401, 0x64e6, 0x74c7, 0x44a4, 0x5485,
0xa56a, 0xb54b, 0x8528, 0x9509, 0xe5ee, 0xf5cf, 0xc5ac, 0xd58d,
0x3653, 0x2672, 0x1611, 0x0630, 0x76d7, 0x66f6, 0x5695, 0x46b4,
0xb75b, 0xa77a, 0x9719, 0x8738, 0xf7df, 0xe7fe, 0xd79d, 0xc7bc,
0x48c4, 0x58e5, 0x6886, 0x78a7, 0x0840, 0x1861, 0x2802, 0x3823,
0xc9cc, 0xd9ed, 0xe98e, 0xf9af, 0x8948, 0x9969, 0xa90a, 0xb92b,
0x5af5, 0x4ad4, 0x7ab7, 0x6a96, 0x1a71, 0x0a50, 0x3a33, 0x2a12,
0xdbfd, 0xcbdc, 0xfbbf, 0xeb9e, 0x9b79, 0x8b58, 0xbb3b, 0xab1a,
0x6ca6, 0x7c87, 0x4ce4, 0x5cc5, 0x2c22, 0x3c03, 0x0c60, 0x1c41,
0xedae, 0xfd8f, 0xcdec, 0xddcd, 0xad2a, 0xbd0b, 0x8d68, 0x9d49,
0x7e97, 0x6eb6, 0x5ed5, 0x4ef4, 0x3e13, 0x2e32, 0x1e51, 0x0e70,
0xff9f, 0xefbe, 0xdfdd, 0xcffc, 0xbf1b, 0xaf3a, 0x9f59, 0x8f78,
0x9188, 0x81a9, 0xb1ca, 0xa1eb, 0xd10c, 0xc12d, 0xf14e, 0xe16f,
0x1080, 0x00a1, 0x30c2, 0x20e3, 0x5004, 0x4025, 0x7046, 0x6067,
0x83b9, 0x9398, 0xa3fb, 0xb3da, 0xc33d, 0xd31c, 0xe37f, 0xf35e,
0x02b1, 0x1290, 0x22f3, 0x32d2, 0x4235, 0x5214, 0x6277, 0x7256,
0xb5ea, 0xa5cb, 0x95a8, 0x8589, 0xf56e, 0xe54f, 0xd52c, 0xc50d,
0x34e2, 0x24c3, 0x14a0, 0x0481, 0x7466, 0x6447, 0x5424, 0x4405,
0xa7db, 0xb7fa, 0x8799, 0x97b8, 0xe75f, 0xf77e, 0xc71d, 0xd73c,
0x26d3, 0x36f2, 0x0691, 0x16b0, 0x6657, 0x7676, 0x4615, 0x5634,
0xd94c, 0xc96d, 0xf90e, 0xe92f, 0x99c8, 0x89e9, 0xb98a, 0xa9ab,
0x5844, 0x4865, 0x7806, 0x6827, 0x18c0, 0x08e1, 0x3882, 0x28a3,
0xcb7d, 0xdb5c, 0xeb3f, 0xfb1e, 0x8bf9, 0x9bd8, 0xabbb, 0xbb9a,
0x4a75, 0x5a54, 0x6a37, 0x7a16, 0x0af1, 0x1ad0, 0x2ab3, 0x3a92,
0xfd2e, 0xed0f, 0xdd6c, 0xcd4d, 0xbdaa, 0xad8b, 0x9de8, 0x8dc9,
0x7c26, 0x6c07, 0x5c64, 0x4c45, 0x3ca2, 0x2c83, 0x1ce0, 0x0cc1,
0xef1f, 0xff3e, 0xcf5d, 0xdf7c, 0xaf9b, 0xbfba, 0x8fd9, 0x9ff8,
0x6e17, 0x7e36, 0x4e55, 0x5e74, 0x2e93, 0x3eb2, 0x0ed1, 0x1ef0
};
static void crc_update(I2CDriver *sd, const uint8_t *data, size_t data_len)
{
unsigned int tbl_idx;
uint16_t crc = sd->e_ccitt_crc;
while (data_len--) {
tbl_idx = ((crc >> 8) ^ *data) & 0xff;
crc = (crc_table[tbl_idx] ^ (crc << 8)) & 0xffff;
data++;
}
sd->e_ccitt_crc = crc;
}
// ****************************** I2CDriver *********************************
void i2c_connect(I2CDriver *sd, const char* portname)
{
int i;
sd->connected = 0;
sd->port = openSerialPort(portname);
#if !defined(WIN32)
if (sd->port == -1)
return;
#endif
writeToSerialPort(sd->port,
(uint8_t*)"@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@", 64);
const uint8_t tests[] = "A\r\n\0xff";
for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
uint8_t tx[2] = {'e', tests[i]};
writeToSerialPort(sd->port, tx, 2);
uint8_t rx[1];
int n = readFromSerialPort(sd->port, rx, 1);
if ((n != 1) || (rx[0] != tests[i]))
return;
}
sd->connected = 1;
i2c_getstatus(sd);
sd->e_ccitt_crc = sd->ccitt_crc;
}
void i2c_disconnect(I2CDriver *sd)
{
if (sd->connected) {
closeSerialPort(sd->port);
sd->port = -1;
sd->connected = 0;
}
}
static void charCommand(I2CDriver *sd, char c)
{
writeToSerialPort(sd->port, (uint8_t*)&c, 1);
}
static int i2c_ack(I2CDriver *sd)
{
uint8_t a[1];
if (readFromSerialPort(sd->port, a, 1) != 1)
return 0;
return (a[0] & 1) != 0;
}
void i2c_getstatus(I2CDriver *sd)
{
uint8_t readbuffer[100];
int bytesRead;
uint8_t mode[80];
charCommand(sd, '?');
bytesRead = readFromSerialPort(sd->port, readbuffer, 80);
readbuffer[bytesRead] = 0;
// printf("%d Bytes were read: %.*s\n", bytesRead, bytesRead, readbuffer);
sscanf((char*)readbuffer, "[%15s %8s %" SCNu64 " %f %f %f %c %d %d %d %d %x ]",
sd->model,
sd->serial,
&sd->uptime,
&sd->voltage_v,
&sd->current_ma,
&sd->temp_celsius,
mode,
&sd->sda,
&sd->scl,
&sd->speed,
&sd->pullups,
&sd->ccitt_crc
);
sd->mode = mode[0];
}
void i2c_scan(I2CDriver *sd, uint8_t devices[128])
{
charCommand(sd, 'd');
(void)readFromSerialPort(sd->port, devices + 8, 112);
}
uint8_t i2c_reset(I2CDriver *sd)
{
charCommand(sd, 'x');
uint8_t a[1];
if (readFromSerialPort(sd->port, a, 1) != 1)
return 0;
return a[0];
}
int i2c_start(I2CDriver *sd, uint8_t dev, uint8_t op)
{
uint8_t start[2] = {'s', (uint8_t)((dev << 1) | op)};
writeToSerialPort(sd->port, start, sizeof(start));
return i2c_ack(sd);
}
void i2c_stop(I2CDriver *sd)
{
charCommand(sd, 'p');
}
int i2c_write(I2CDriver *sd, const uint8_t bytes[], size_t nn)
{
size_t i;
int ack = 1;
for (i = 0; i < nn; i += 64) {
size_t len = ((nn - i) < 64) ? (nn - i) : 64;
uint8_t cmd[65] = {(uint8_t)(0xc0 + len - 1)};
memcpy(cmd + 1, bytes + i, len);
writeToSerialPort(sd->port, cmd, 1 + len);
ack = i2c_ack(sd);
}
crc_update(sd, bytes, nn);
return ack;
}
void i2c_read(I2CDriver *sd, uint8_t bytes[], size_t nn)
{
size_t i;
for (i = 0; i < nn; i += 64) {
size_t len = ((nn - i) < 64) ? (nn - i) : 64;
uint8_t cmd[1] = {(uint8_t)(0x80 + len - 1)};
writeToSerialPort(sd->port, cmd, 1);
readFromSerialPort(sd->port, bytes + i, len);
crc_update(sd, bytes + i, len);
}
}
void i2c_monitor(I2CDriver *sd, int enable)
{
charCommand(sd, enable ? 'm' : '@');
}
void i2c_capture(I2CDriver *sd)
{
printf("Capture started\n");
charCommand(sd, 'c');
uint8_t bytes[1];
int starting = 0;
int nbits = 0, bits = 0;
while (1) {
int i;
readFromSerialPort(sd->port, bytes, 1);
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
int symbol = (i == 0) ? (bytes[0] >> 4) : (bytes[0] & 0xf);
switch (symbol) {
case 0:
break;
case 1:
starting = 1;
break;
case 2:
printf("STOP\n");
starting = 1;
break;
case 8:
case 9:
case 10:
case 11:
case 12:
case 13:
case 14:
case 15:
bits = (bits << 3) | (symbol & 7);
nbits += 3;
if (nbits == 9) {
int b8 = (bits >> 1), ack = !(bits & 1);
if (starting) {
starting = 0;
printf("START %02x %s", b8 >> 1, (b8 & 1) ? "READ" : "WRITE");
} else {
printf("BYTE %02x", b8);
}
printf(" %s\n", ack ? "ACK" : "NAK");
nbits = 0;
bits = 0;
}
}
}
}
}
int i2c_commands(I2CDriver *sd, int argc, char *argv[])
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
char *token = argv[i];
// printf("token [%s]\n", token);
if (strlen(token) != 1)
goto badcommand;
switch (token[0]) {
case 'i':
i2c_getstatus(sd);
printf("uptime %" SCNu64" %.3f V %.0f mA %.1f C SDA=%d SCL=%d speed=%d kHz\n",
sd->uptime,
sd->voltage_v,
sd->current_ma,
sd->temp_celsius,
sd->sda,
sd->scl,
sd->speed
);
break;
case 'x':
{
uint8_t sda_scl = i2c_reset(sd);
printf("Bus reset. SDA = %d, SCL = %d\n",
1 & (sda_scl >> 1),
1 & sda_scl);
}
break;
case 'd':
{
uint8_t devices[128];
int i;
i2c_scan(sd, devices);
printf("\n");
for (i = 8; i < 0x78; i++) {
if (devices[i] == '1')
printf("%02x ", i);
else
printf("-- ");
if ((i % 8) == 7)
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n");
}
break;
case 'w':
{
token = argv[++i];
unsigned int dev = strtol(token, NULL, 0);
token = argv[++i];
uint8_t bytes[8192];
char *endptr = token;
size_t nn = 0;
while (nn < sizeof(bytes)) {
bytes[nn++] = strtol(endptr, &endptr, 0);
if (*endptr == '\0')
break;
if (*endptr != ',') {
fprintf(stderr, "Invalid bytes '%s'\n", token);
return 1;
}
endptr++;
}
i2c_start(sd, dev, 0);
i2c_write(sd, bytes, nn);
}
break;
case 'r':
{
token = argv[++i];
unsigned int dev = strtol(token, NULL, 0);
token = argv[++i];
size_t nn = strtol(token, NULL, 0);
uint8_t bytes[8192];
i2c_start(sd, dev, 1);
i2c_read(sd, bytes, nn);
i2c_stop(sd);
size_t i;
for (i = 0; i < nn; i++)
printf("%s0x%02x", i ? "," : "", 0xff & bytes[i]);
printf("\n");
}
break;
case 'p':
i2c_stop(sd);
break;
case 'm':
{
char line[100];
i2c_monitor(sd, 1);
printf("[Hit return to exit monitor mode]\n");
fgets(line, sizeof(line) - 1, stdin);
i2c_monitor(sd, 0);
}
break;
case 'c':
{
i2c_capture(sd);
}
break;
default:
badcommand:
fprintf(stderr, "Bad command '%s'\n", token);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
fprintf(stderr, "Commands are:");
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
fprintf(stderr, " i display status information (uptime, voltage, current, temperature)\n");
fprintf(stderr, " x I2C bus reset\n");
fprintf(stderr, " d device scan\n");
fprintf(stderr, " w dev <bytes> write bytes to I2C device dev\n");
fprintf(stderr, " p send a STOP\n");
fprintf(stderr, " r dev N read N bytes from I2C device dev, then STOP\n");
fprintf(stderr, " m enter I2C bus monitor mode\n");
fprintf(stderr, " c enter I2C bus capture mode\n");
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
return 1;
}
}
return 0;
}
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