examples/network: Split recv- and read-based HTTP servers.
Name recv() based a "simplistic", as it can't work robustly in every environment. All this is to let people concentreate on proper, read()- based one (and to turn recv() based into a "negative showcase", explaining what are the pitfalls of such approach).
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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ HTTP/1.0 200 OK
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Hello #%d from MicroPython!
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"""
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def main(use_stream=False):
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def main(micropython_optimize=False):
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s = socket.socket()
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# Binding to all interfaces - server will be accessible to other hosts!
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@ -26,26 +26,37 @@ def main(use_stream=False):
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counter = 0
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while True:
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res = s.accept()
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client_s = res[0]
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client_sock = res[0]
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client_addr = res[1]
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print("Client address:", client_addr)
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print("Client socket:", client_s)
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print("Client socket:", client_sock)
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if not micropython_optimize:
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# To read line-oriented protocol (like HTTP) from a socket (and
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# avoid short read problem), it must be wrapped in a stream (aka
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# file-like) object. That's how you do it in CPython:
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client_stream = client_sock.makefile("rwb")
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else:
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# .. but MicroPython socket objects support stream interface
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# directly, so calling .makefile() method is not required. If
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# you develop application which will run only on MicroPython,
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# especially on a resource-constrained embedded device, you
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# may take this shortcut to save resources.
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client_stream = client_sock
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print("Request:")
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if use_stream:
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# MicroPython socket objects support stream (aka file) interface
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# directly.
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req = client_s.readline()
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req = client_stream.readline()
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print(req)
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while True:
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h = client_s.readline()
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h = client_stream.readline()
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if h == b"" or h == b"\r\n":
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break
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print(h)
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client_s.write(CONTENT % counter)
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else:
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print(client_s.recv(4096))
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client_s.send(CONTENT % counter)
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client_s.close()
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client_stream.write(CONTENT % counter)
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client_stream.close()
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if not micropython_optimize:
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client_sock.close()
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counter += 1
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print()
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@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
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try:
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import usocket as socket
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except:
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import socket
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CONTENT = b"""\
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HTTP/1.0 200 OK
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Hello #%d from MicroPython!
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"""
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def main():
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s = socket.socket()
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ai = socket.getaddrinfo("0.0.0.0", 8080)
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addr = ai[0][-1]
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s.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
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s.bind(addr)
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s.listen(5)
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print("Listening, connect your browser to http://<this_host>:8080/")
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counter = 0
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while True:
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res = s.accept()
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client_s = res[0]
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client_addr = res[1]
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req = client_s.recv(4096)
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print("Request:")
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print(req)
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client_s.send(CONTENT % counter)
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client_s.close()
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counter += 1
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print()
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main()
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@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
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#
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# MicroPython http_server_simplistic.py example
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#
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# This example shows how to write the smallest possible HTTP
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# server in MicroPython. With comments and convenience code
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# removed, this example can be compressed literally to ten
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# lines. There's a catch though - read comments below for
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# details, and use this code only for quick hacks, preferring
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# http_server.py for "real thing".
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#
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try:
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import usocket as socket
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except:
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import socket
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CONTENT = b"""\
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HTTP/1.0 200 OK
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Hello #%d from MicroPython!
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"""
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def main():
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s = socket.socket()
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# Bind to (allow to be connected on ) all interfaces. This means
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# this server will be accessible to other hosts on your local
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# network, and if your server has direct (non-firewalled) connection
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# to the Internet, then to anyone on the Internet. We bind to all
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# interfaces to let this example work easily on embedded MicroPython
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# targets, which you will likely access from another machine on your
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# local network. Take care when running this on an Internet-connected
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# machine though! Replace "0.0.0.0" with "127.0.0.1" if in doubt, to
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# make the server accessible only on the machine it runs on.
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ai = socket.getaddrinfo("0.0.0.0", 8080)
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print("Bind address info:", ai)
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addr = ai[0][-1]
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# A port on which a socket listened remains inactive during some time.
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# This means that if you run this sample, terminate it, and run again
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# you will likely get an error. To avoid this timeout, set SO_REUSEADDR
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# socket option.
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s.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
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s.bind(addr)
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s.listen(5)
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print("Listening, connect your browser to http://<this_host>:8080/")
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counter = 0
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while True:
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res = s.accept()
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client_s = res[0]
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client_addr = res[1]
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print("Client address:", client_addr)
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print("Client socket:", client_s)
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# We assume here that .recv() call will read entire HTTP request
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# from client. This is usually true, at least on "big OS" systems
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# like Linux/MacOS/Windows. But that doesn't have to be true in
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# all cases, in particular on embedded systems, when there can
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# easily be "short recv", where it returns much less than requested
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# data size. That's why this example is called "simplistic" - it
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# shows that writing a web server in Python that *usually works* is
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# ten lines of code, and you can use this technique for quick hacks
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# and experimentation. But don't do it like that in production
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# applications - instead, parse HTTP request properly, as shown
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# by http_server.py example.
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req = client_s.recv(4096)
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print("Request:")
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print(req)
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client_s.send(CONTENT % counter)
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client_s.close()
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counter += 1
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print()
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main()
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