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The MicroPython project

This is the MicroPython project, which aims to put an implementation of Python 3.x on microcontrollers and small embedded systems.

WARNING: this project is in beta stage and is subject to changes of the code-base, including project-wide name changes and API changes.

MicroPython implements the entire Python 3.4 syntax (including exceptions, "with", "yield from", etc.). The following core datatypes are provided: str (including basic Unicode support), bytes, bytearray, tuple, list, dict, set, frozenset, array.array, collections.namedtuple, classes and instances. Builtin modules include sys, time, and struct. Note that only subset of Python 3.4 functionality implemented for the data types and modules.

See the repository www.github.com/micropython/pyboard for the Micro Python board, the officially supported reference electronic circuit board.

Major components in this repository:

• py/ -- the core Python implementation, including compiler, runtime, and core library.
• unix/ -- a version of MicroPython that runs on Unix.
• stmhal/ -- a version of MicroPython that runs on the MicroPython board with an STM32F405RG (using ST's Cube HAL drivers).
• minimal/ -- a minimal MicroPython port. Start with this if you want to port MicroPython to another microcontroller.

Additional components:

• bare-arm/ -- a bare minimum version of MicroPython for ARM MCUs. Used mostly to control code size.
• teensy/ -- a version of MicroPython that runs on the Teensy 3.1 (preliminary but functional).
• pic16bit/ -- a version of MicroPython for 16-bit PIC microcontrollers.
• cc3200/ -- a version of MicroPython that runs on the CC3200 from TI.
• esp8266/ -- an experimental port for ESP8266 WiFi modules.
• tests/ -- test framework and test scripts.
• tools/ -- various tools, including the pyboard.py module.
• examples/ -- a few example Python scripts.
• docs/ -- official documentation in RST format.

"make" is used to build the components, or "gmake" on BSD-based systems. You will also need bash and Python (at least 2.7 or 3.3).

The Unix version

The "unix" port requires a standard Unix environment with gcc and GNU make. x86 and x64 architectures are supported (i.e. x86 32- and 64-bit), as well as ARM and MIPS. Making full-featured port to another architecture requires writing some assembly code for the exception handling and garbage collection. Alternatively, fallback implementation based on setjmp/longjmp can be used.

To build (*):

$ cd unix
$ make

Then to give it a try:

$ ./micropython
>>> list(5 * x + y for x in range(10) for y in [4, 2, 1])

Use CTRL-D (i.e. EOF) to exit the shell. Learn about command-line options (in particular, how to increase heap size which may be needed for larger applications):

$ ./micropython --help

Run complete testsuite:

$ make test

Unix version comes with a builtin package manager called upip, e.g.:

$ ./micropython -m upip install micropython-pystone
$ ./micropython -m pystone

Browse available modules on PyPI. Standard library modules come from micropython-lib project.

(*) Debian/Ubuntu/Mint derivative Linux distros will require build-essentials, libffi-dev and pkg-config packages installed. If you have problems with some dependencies, they can be disabled in unix/mpconfigport.mk .

The STM version

The "stmhal" port requires an ARM compiler, arm-none-eabi-gcc, and associated bin-utils. For those using Arch Linux, you need arm-none-eabi-binutils and arm-none-eabi-gcc packages from the AUR. Otherwise, try here: https://launchpad.net/gcc-arm-embedded

To build:

$ cd stmhal
$ make

You then need to get your board into DFU mode. On the pyboard, connect the 3V3 pin to the P1/DFU pin with a wire (on PYBv1.0 they are next to each other on the bottom left of the board, second row from the bottom).

Then to flash the code via USB DFU to your device:

$ make deploy

You will need the dfu-util program, on Arch Linux it's dfu-util-git in the AUR. If the above does not work it may be because you don't have the correct permissions. Try then:

$ sudo dfu-util -a 0 -d 0483:df11 -D build-PYBV10/firmware.dfu

Building the documentation locally

Install Sphinx, and optionally (for the RTD-styling), sphinx_rtd_theme, preferably in a virtualenv:

 pip install sphinx
 pip install sphinx_rtd_theme

In micropython/docs, build the docs:

make MICROPY_PORT=<port_name> BUILDDIR=<port_name>/build html

Where <port_name> can be unix, pyboard, wipy or esp8266.

You'll find the index page at micropython/docs/<port_name>/build/html/index.html.