tailscale/derp/derp_server.go

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// Copyright (c) 2020 Tailscale Inc & AUTHORS All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package derp
// TODO(crawshaw): send srcKey with packets to clients?
// TODO(crawshaw): with predefined serverKey in clients and HMAC on packets we could skip TLS
import (
"bufio"
"context"
crand "crypto/rand"
"encoding/json"
"errors"
"expvar"
"fmt"
"io"
"math/big"
"net"
"sync"
"sync/atomic"
"time"
"golang.org/x/crypto/nacl/box"
"golang.org/x/time/rate"
"tailscale.com/types/key"
"tailscale.com/types/logger"
)
// Server is a DERP server.
type Server struct {
// BytesPerSecond, if non-zero, specifies how many bytes per
// second to cap per-client reads at.
BytesPerSecond int
privateKey key.Private
publicKey key.Public
logf logger.Logf
// Counters:
packetsSent, bytesSent int64
packetsRecv, bytesRecv int64
packetsDropped int64
mu sync.Mutex
closed bool
accepts int64
netConns map[net.Conn]chan struct{} // chan is closed when conn closes
clients map[key.Public]*sclient
clientsEver map[key.Public]bool // never deleted from, for stats; fine for now
}
// NewServer returns a new DERP server. It doesn't listen on its own.
// Connections are given to it via Server.Accept.
func NewServer(privateKey key.Private, logf logger.Logf) *Server {
s := &Server{
privateKey: privateKey,
publicKey: privateKey.Public(),
logf: logf,
clients: make(map[key.Public]*sclient),
clientsEver: make(map[key.Public]bool),
netConns: make(map[net.Conn]chan struct{}),
}
return s
}
// Close closes the server and waits for the connections to disconnect.
func (s *Server) Close() error {
s.mu.Lock()
wasClosed := s.closed
s.closed = true
s.mu.Unlock()
if wasClosed {
return nil
}
var closedChs []chan struct{}
s.mu.Lock()
for nc, closed := range s.netConns {
nc.Close()
closedChs = append(closedChs, closed)
}
s.mu.Unlock()
for _, closed := range closedChs {
<-closed
}
return nil
}
func (s *Server) isClosed() bool {
s.mu.Lock()
defer s.mu.Unlock()
return s.closed
}
// Accept adds a new connection to the server.
// The provided bufio ReadWriter must be already connected to nc.
// Accept blocks until the Server is closed or the connection closes
// on its own.
func (s *Server) Accept(nc net.Conn, brw *bufio.ReadWriter) {
closed := make(chan struct{})
s.mu.Lock()
s.accepts++
s.netConns[nc] = closed
s.mu.Unlock()
defer func() {
nc.Close()
close(closed)
s.mu.Lock()
delete(s.netConns, nc)
s.mu.Unlock()
}()
if err := s.accept(nc, brw); err != nil && !s.isClosed() {
s.logf("derp: %s: %v", nc.RemoteAddr(), err)
}
}
// registerClient notes that client c is now authenticated and ready for packets.
// If c's public key was already connected with a different connection, the prior one is closed.
func (s *Server) registerClient(c *sclient) {
s.mu.Lock()
defer s.mu.Unlock()
old := s.clients[c.key]
if old == nil {
s.logf("derp: %s: client %x: adding connection", c.nc.RemoteAddr(), c.key)
} else {
old.nc.Close()
s.logf("derp: %s: client %x: adding connection, replacing %s", c.nc.RemoteAddr(), c.key, old.nc.RemoteAddr())
}
s.clients[c.key] = c
s.clientsEver[c.key] = true
}
// unregisterClient removes a client from the server.
func (s *Server) unregisterClient(c *sclient) {
s.mu.Lock()
defer s.mu.Unlock()
cur := s.clients[c.key]
if cur == c {
s.logf("derp: %s: client %x: removing connection", c.nc.RemoteAddr(), c.key)
delete(s.clients, c.key)
}
}
func (s *Server) accept(nc net.Conn, brw *bufio.ReadWriter) error {
br, bw := brw.Reader, brw.Writer
nc.SetDeadline(time.Now().Add(10 * time.Second))
if err := s.sendServerKey(bw); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("send server key: %v", err)
}
nc.SetDeadline(time.Now().Add(10 * time.Second))
clientKey, clientInfo, err := s.recvClientKey(br)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("receive client key: %v", err)
}
if err := s.verifyClient(clientKey, clientInfo); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("client %x rejected: %v", clientKey, err)
}
// At this point we trust the client so we don't time out.
nc.SetDeadline(time.Time{})
c := &sclient{
key: clientKey,
nc: nc,
br: br,
bw: bw,
}
if clientInfo != nil {
c.info = *clientInfo
}
// Once the client is registered, it can start receiving
// traffic, but we want to make sure the first thing it
// receives after its frameClientInfo is our frameServerInfo,
// so acquire the c.mu lock (which guards writing to c.bw)
// while we register.
c.mu.Lock()
s.registerClient(c)
err = s.sendServerInfo(bw, clientKey)
c.mu.Unlock()
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("send server info: %v", err)
}
defer s.unregisterClient(c)
ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
defer cancel()
go s.sendClientKeepAlives(ctx, c)
lim := rate.Inf
if s.BytesPerSecond != 0 {
lim = rate.Limit(s.BytesPerSecond)
}
const burstBytes = 1 << 20 // generous bandwidth delay product? must be over 64k max packet size.
limiter := rate.NewLimiter(lim, burstBytes)
for {
ft, fl, err := readFrameHeader(c.br)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("client %x: readFrameHeader: %v", c.key, err)
}
if ft != frameSendPacket {
// TODO: nothing else yet supported
return fmt.Errorf("client %x: unsupported frame %v", c.key, ft)
}
dstKey, contents, err := s.recvPacket(ctx, c.br, fl, limiter)
if err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("client %x: recvPacket: %v", c.key, err)
}
s.mu.Lock()
dst := s.clients[dstKey]
s.mu.Unlock()
if dst == nil {
atomic.AddInt64(&s.packetsDropped, 1)
s.logf("derp: %s: client %x: dropping packet for unknown %x", nc.RemoteAddr(), c.key, dstKey)
continue
}
dst.mu.Lock()
err = s.sendPacket(dst.bw, c.key, contents)
dst.mu.Unlock()
if err != nil {
s.logf("derp: %s: client %x: dropping packet for %x: %v", nc.RemoteAddr(), c.key, dstKey, err)
// If we cannot send to a destination, shut it down.
// Let its receive loop do the cleanup.
s.mu.Lock()
if s.clients[dstKey] == dst {
s.clients[dstKey].nc.Close()
}
s.mu.Unlock()
}
}
}
func (s *Server) sendClientKeepAlives(ctx context.Context, c *sclient) {
if err := c.keepAliveLoop(ctx); err != nil {
s.logf("derp: %s: client %x: keep alive failed: %v", c.nc.RemoteAddr(), c.key, err)
}
}
func (s *Server) verifyClient(clientKey key.Public, info *sclientInfo) error {
// TODO(crawshaw): implement policy constraints on who can use the DERP server
// TODO(bradfitz): ... and at what rate.
return nil
}
func (s *Server) sendServerKey(bw *bufio.Writer) error {
buf := make([]byte, 0, len(magic)+len(s.publicKey))
buf = append(buf, magic...)
buf = append(buf, s.publicKey[:]...)
return writeFrame(bw, frameServerKey, buf)
}
func (s *Server) sendServerInfo(bw *bufio.Writer, clientKey key.Public) error {
var nonce [24]byte
if _, err := crand.Read(nonce[:]); err != nil {
return err
}
msg := []byte("{}") // no serverInfo for now
msgbox := box.Seal(nil, msg, &nonce, clientKey.B32(), s.privateKey.B32())
if err := writeFrameHeader(bw, frameServerInfo, nonceLen+uint32(len(msgbox))); err != nil {
return err
}
if _, err := bw.Write(nonce[:]); err != nil {
return err
}
if _, err := bw.Write(msgbox); err != nil {
return err
}
return bw.Flush()
}
// recvClientKey reads the frameClientInfo frame from the client (its
// proof of identity) upon its initial connection. It should be
// considered especially untrusted at this point.
func (s *Server) recvClientKey(br *bufio.Reader) (clientKey key.Public, info *sclientInfo, err error) {
fl, err := readFrameTypeHeader(br, frameClientInfo)
if err != nil {
return key.Public{}, nil, err
}
const minLen = keyLen + nonceLen
if fl < minLen {
return key.Public{}, nil, errors.New("short client info")
}
// We don't trust the client at all yet, so limit its input size to limit
// things like JSON resource exhausting (http://github.com/golang/go/issues/31789).
if fl > 256<<10 {
return key.Public{}, nil, errors.New("long client info")
}
if _, err := io.ReadFull(br, clientKey[:]); err != nil {
return key.Public{}, nil, err
}
var nonce [24]byte
if _, err := io.ReadFull(br, nonce[:]); err != nil {
return key.Public{}, nil, fmt.Errorf("nonce: %v", err)
}
msgLen := int(fl - minLen)
msgbox := make([]byte, msgLen)
if _, err := io.ReadFull(br, msgbox); err != nil {
return key.Public{}, nil, fmt.Errorf("msgbox: %v", err)
}
msg, ok := box.Open(nil, msgbox, &nonce, (*[32]byte)(&clientKey), s.privateKey.B32())
if !ok {
return key.Public{}, nil, fmt.Errorf("msgbox: cannot open len=%d with client key %x", msgLen, clientKey[:])
}
info = new(sclientInfo)
if err := json.Unmarshal(msg, info); err != nil {
return key.Public{}, nil, fmt.Errorf("msg: %v", err)
}
return clientKey, info, nil
}
func (s *Server) sendPacket(bw *bufio.Writer, srcKey key.Public, contents []byte) error {
atomic.AddInt64(&s.packetsSent, 1)
atomic.AddInt64(&s.bytesSent, int64(len(contents)))
if err := writeFrameHeader(bw, frameRecvPacket, uint32(len(contents))); err != nil {
return err
}
if _, err := bw.Write(contents); err != nil {
return err
}
return bw.Flush()
}
func (s *Server) recvPacket(ctx context.Context, br *bufio.Reader, frameLen uint32, limiter *rate.Limiter) (dstKey key.Public, contents []byte, err error) {
if frameLen < keyLen {
return key.Public{}, nil, errors.New("short send packet frame")
}
if _, err := io.ReadFull(br, dstKey[:]); err != nil {
return key.Public{}, nil, err
}
packetLen := frameLen - keyLen
if packetLen > MaxPacketSize {
return key.Public{}, nil, fmt.Errorf("data packet longer (%d) than max of %v", packetLen, MaxPacketSize)
}
if err := limiter.WaitN(ctx, int(packetLen)); err != nil {
return key.Public{}, nil, fmt.Errorf("rate limit: %v", err)
}
contents = make([]byte, packetLen)
if _, err := io.ReadFull(br, contents); err != nil {
return key.Public{}, nil, err
}
atomic.AddInt64(&s.packetsRecv, 1)
atomic.AddInt64(&s.bytesRecv, int64(len(contents)))
return dstKey, contents, nil
}
// sclient is a client connection to the server.
//
// (The "s" prefix is to more explicitly distinguish it from Client in derp_client.go)
type sclient struct {
nc net.Conn
key key.Public
info sclientInfo
keepAliveTimer *time.Timer
keepAliveReset chan struct{}
mu sync.Mutex // mu guards writing to bw
br *bufio.Reader
bw *bufio.Writer
}
func (c *sclient) keepAliveLoop(ctx context.Context) error {
jitterMs, err := crand.Int(crand.Reader, big.NewInt(5000))
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
jitter := time.Duration(jitterMs.Int64()) * time.Millisecond
c.keepAliveTimer = time.NewTimer(keepAlive + jitter)
defer c.keepAliveTimer.Stop()
for {
select {
case <-ctx.Done():
return nil
case <-c.keepAliveReset:
if c.keepAliveTimer.Stop() {
<-c.keepAliveTimer.C
}
c.keepAliveTimer.Reset(keepAlive + jitter)
case <-c.keepAliveTimer.C:
c.mu.Lock()
err := writeFrame(c.bw, frameKeepAlive, nil)
if err == nil {
err = c.bw.Flush()
}
c.mu.Unlock()
if err != nil {
c.nc.Close()
return err
}
}
}
}
// sclientInfo is the client info sent by the client to the server.
type sclientInfo struct {
}
type serverInfo struct {
}
// Stats returns stats about the server.
func (s *Server) Stats() *ServerStats {
s.mu.Lock()
defer s.mu.Unlock()
return &ServerStats{
BytesPerSecondLimit: s.BytesPerSecond,
CurrentConnections: len(s.netConns),
UniqueClientsEver: len(s.clientsEver),
TotalAccepts: s.accepts,
BytesReceived: atomic.LoadInt64(&s.bytesRecv),
BytesSent: atomic.LoadInt64(&s.bytesSent),
PacketsDropped: atomic.LoadInt64(&s.packetsDropped),
PacketsReceived: atomic.LoadInt64(&s.packetsRecv),
PacketsSent: atomic.LoadInt64(&s.packetsSent),
}
}
// ExpVar returns an expvar variable suitable for registering with expvar.Publish.
func (s *Server) ExpVar() expvar.Var {
return expVar{s}
}
type expVar struct{ *Server }
// String implements the expvar.Var interface, returning the current server stats as JSON.
func (v expVar) String() string {
ss := v.Server.Stats()
j, err := json.MarshalIndent(ss, "", "\t")
if err != nil {
return "{}"
}
return string(j)
}
// ServerStats are returned by Server.Stats.
//
// It is JSON-ified by expVar for the expvar package.
type ServerStats struct {
BytesPerSecondLimit int `json:"bytesPerSecondLimit"`
CurrentConnections int `json:"currentClients"`
UniqueClientsEver int `json:"uniqueClientsEver"`
TotalAccepts int64 `json:"totalAccepts"`
BytesReceived int64 `json:"bytesReceived"`
BytesSent int64 `json:"bytesSent"`
PacketsDropped int64 `json:"packetsDropped"`
PacketsReceived int64 `json:"packetsReceived"`
PacketsSent int64 `json:"packetsSent"`
}