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Tasmota/tools/decode-config.md

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# decode-config.py
_decode-config.py_ is able to backup and restore Sonoff-Tasmota configuration.
In comparison with the Tasmota build-in "Backup/Restore Configuration" function _decode-config.py_
* uses human readable and editable [JSON](http://www.json.org/)-format for backup/restore,
* can restore previously backup and changed [JSON](http://www.json.org/)-format files,
* is able to create Tasmota compatible command list with related config parameter
Comparing backup files created by *decode-config.py* and *.dmp files created by Tasmota "Backup/Restore Configuration":
| &nbsp; | decode-config.py<br />*.json file | Sonoff-Tasmota<br />*.dmp file |
|-------------------------|:-------------------------------:|:-----------------------------------:|
| Encrypted | No | Yes |
| Readable | Yes | No |
| Simply editable | Yes | No |
| Simply batch processing | Yes | No |
_decode-config.py_ is compatible with Tasmota version from v5.10.0 up to now.
# Content
* [Prerequisite](decode-config.md#prerequisite)
* [File Types](decode-config.md#file-types)
* [.dmp File Format](decode-config.md#-dmp-format)
* [.json File Format](decode-config.md#-json-format)
* [.bin File Format](decode-config.md#-bin-format)
* [File extensions](decode-config.md#file-extensions)
* [Usage](decode-config.md#usage)
* [Basics](decode-config.md#basics)
* [Save backup file](decode-config.md#save-backup-file)
* [Restore backup file](decode-config.md#restore-backup-file)
* [Output to screen](decode-config.md#output-to-screen)
* [JSON output](decode-config.md#json-output)
* [Tasmota command output](decode-config.md#tasmota-command-output)
* [Filter data](decode-config.md#filter-data)
* [Configuration file](decode-config.md#configuration-file)
* [More program arguments](decode-config.md#more-program-arguments)
* [Examples](decode-config.md#examples)
* [Config file](decode-config.md#config-file)
* [Using Tasmota binary configuration files](decode-config.md#using-tasmota-binary-configuration-files)
* [Use batch processing](decode-config.md#use-batch-processing)
* [Notes](decode-config.md#notes)
## Prerequisite
* [Python](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language))
This program is written in [Python](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)) so you need to install a working python environment (for details see [Python Setup and Usage](https://docs.python.org/2.7/using/index.html))
* [Sonoff-Tasmota](https://github.com/arendst/Sonoff-Tasmota) [Firmware](https://github.com/arendst/Sonoff-Tasmota/releases) with Web-Server enabled:
* To backup or restore configurations from or to a Sonoff-Tasmota device you need a firmare with enabled web-server in admin mode (command [WebServer 2](https://github.com/arendst/Sonoff-Tasmota/wiki/Commands#wifi)). This is the Tasmota default.
* If using your own compiled firmware be aware to enable the web-server (`#define USE_WEBSERVER` and `#define WEB_SERVER 2`).
## File Types
_decode-config.py_ can handle the following backup file types:
### .dmp Format
Configuration data as used by Tasmota "Backup/Restore Configuration" web interface.
This format is binary and encrypted.
### .json Format
Configuration data in [JSON](http://www.json.org/)-format.
This format is decrypted, human readable and editable and can also be used for the `--restore-file` parameter.
This file will be created by _decode-config.py_ using the `--backup-file` with `--backup-type json` parameter, this is the default.
### .bin Format
Configuration data in binary format.
This format is binary decryptet, editable (e.g. using a hex editor) and can also be used for `--restore-file` command.
It will be created by _decode-config.py_ using `--backup-file` with `--backup-type bin`.
Note:
The .bin file contains the same information as the original .dmp file from Tasmota "Backup/Restore Configuration" but it is decrpted and 4 byte longer than an original (it is a prefix header at the beginning). .bin file data starting at address 4 contains the same as the **struct SYSCFG** from Tasmota [settings.h](https://github.com/arendst/Sonoff-Tasmota/blob/master/sonoff/settings.h) in decrypted format.
#### File extensions
You don't need to append exensions for your file name as _decode-config.py_ uses auto extension as default. The extension will be choose based on file contents and `--backup-type` parameter.
If you do not want using auto extensions use the `--no-extension` parameter.
## Usage
After download don't forget to set the executable flag under linux with `chmod +x decode-config.py` or call the program using `python decode-config.py...`.
### Basics
At least pass a source where you want to read the configuration data from using `-f <filename>` or `-d <host>`:
The source can be either
* a Tasmota device hostname or IP using the `-d <host>` parameter
* a Tasmota `*.dmp` configuration file using `-f <filename>` parameter
Example:
decode-config.py -d sonoff-4281
will output a human readable configuration in [JSON](http://www.json.org/)-format:
{
"altitude": 112,
"baudrate": 115200,
"blinkcount": 10,
"blinktime": 10,
...
"ws_width": [
1,
3,
5
]
}
### Save backup file
To save the output as backup file use `--backup-file <filename>`, you can use placeholder for Version, Friendlyname and Hostname:
decode-config.py -d sonoff-4281 --backup-file Config_@f_@v
If you have setup a WebPassword within Tasmota, use
decode-config.py -d sonoff-4281 -p <yourpassword> --backup-file Config_@f_@v
will create a file like `Config_Sonoff_6.4.0.json` (the part `Sonoff` and `6.4.0` will choosen related to your device configuration). Because the default backup file format is JSON, you can read and change it with any raw text editor.
### Restore backup file
Reading back a saved (and possible changed) backup file use the `--restore-file <filename>` parameter. This will read the (changed) configuration data from this file and send it back to the source device or filename.
To restore the previously save backup file `Config_Sonoff_6.2.1.json` to device `sonoff-4281` use:
decode-config.py -d sonoff-4281 --restore-file Config_Sonoff_6.2.1.json
with password set by WebPassword:
decode-config.py -d sonoff-4281 -p <yourpassword> --restore-file Config_Sonoff_6.2.1.json
### Output to screen
To force screen output use the `--output` parameter.
Output to screen is default enabled when calling the program with a source parameter (-f or -d) but without any backup or restore parameter.
#### JSON output
The default output format is [JSON](decode-config.md#-json-format). You can force JSON output using the `--output-format json` parameter.
Example:
decode-config.py -d sonoff-4281 -c my.conf -x Wifi --output-format json
{
...
"hostname": "%s-%04d",
"ip_address": [
"0.0.0.0",
"192.168.12.1",
"255.255.255.0",
"192.168.12.1"
],
"ntp_server": [
"ntp.localnet.home",
"ntp2.localnet.home",
"192.168.12.1"
],
"sta_active": 0,
"sta_config": 5,
"sta_pwd": [
"myWlAnPaszxwo!z",
"myWlAnPaszxwo!z2"
],
"sta_ssid": [
"wlan.1",
"my-wlan"
],
"web_password": "myPaszxwo!z",
"webserver": 2
...
}
Note: JSON output always contains all configuration data like the backup file except you are using `--group` arg.
#### Tasmota command output
_decode-config.py_ is able to translate the configuration data to (most all) Tasmota commands. To output your configuration as Tasmota commands use `--output-format cmnd` or `--output-format command`.
Example:
decode-config.py -d sonoff-4281 -c my.conf -g Wifi --output-format cmnd
# Wifi:
AP 0
Hostname %s-%04d
IPAddress1 0.0.0.0
IPAddress2 192.168.12.1
IPAddress3 255.255.255.0
IPAddress4 192.168.12.1
NtpServer1 ntp.localnet.home
NtpServer2 ntp2.localnet.home
NtpServer3 192.168.12.1
Password1 myWlAnPaszxwo!z
Password2 myWlAnPaszxwo!z2
SSId1 wlan.1
SSId2 wlan.1
WebPassword myPaszxwo!z
WebServer 2
WifiConfig 5
Note: A few very specific module commands like MPC230xx, KNX and some Display commands are not supported. These are still available by JSON output.
### Filter data
The huge number of Tasmota configuration data can be overstrained and confusing, so the most of the configuration data are grouped into categories.
With _decode-config.py_ the following categories are available: `Display`, `Domoticz`, `Internal`, `KNX`, `Led`, `Logging`, `MCP230xx`, `MQTT`, `Main`, `Management`, `Pow`, `Sensor`, `Serial`, `SetOption`, `SonoffRF`, `System`, `Timers`, `Wifi`
These are similary to the categories on [https://github.com/arendst/Sonoff-Tasmota/wiki/Commands](Tasmota Command Wiki).
To filter outputs to a subset of groups use the `-g` or `--group` arg concatenating the grooup you want, e. g.
decode-config.py -d sonoff-4281 -c my.conf --output-format cmnd --group Main MQTT Management Wifi
### Configuration file
Each argument that start with `--` (eg. `--file`) can also be set in a config file (specified via -c). Config file syntax allows: key=value, flag=true, stuff=[a,b,c] (for details, see syntax at [https://pypi.org/project/ConfigArgParse](https://pypi.org/project/ConfigArgParse/)).
If an argument is specified in more than one place, then commandline values override config file values which override defaults. This is usefull if you always use the same argument or a basic set of arguments.
The http authentication credentials `--username` and `--password` is predestinated to store it in a file instead using it on your command line as argument:
e.g. my.conf:
[source]
username = admin
password = myPaszxwo!z
To make a backup file from example above you can now pass the config file instead using the password on command line:
decode-config.py -d sonoff-4281 -c my.conf --backup-file Config_@f_@v
### More program arguments
For better reading each short written arg (minus sign `-`) has a corresponding long version (two minus signs `--`), eg. `--device` for `-d` or `--file` for `-f` (note: not even all `--` arg has a corresponding `-` one).
A short list of possible program args is displayed using `-h` or `--help`.
For advanced help use `-H` or `--full-help`:
usage: decode-config.py [-f <filename>] [-d <host>] [-P <port>]
[-u <username>] [-p <password>] [-i <filename>]
[-o <filename>] [-t json|bin|dmp] [-E] [-e] [-F]
[--json-indent <indent>] [--json-compact]
[--json-hide-pw] [--json-show-pw]
[--cmnd-indent <indent>] [--cmnd-groups]
[--cmnd-nogroups] [--cmnd-sort] [--cmnd-unsort]
[-c <filename>] [-S] [-T json|cmnd|command]
[-g {Display,Domoticz,Internal,KNX,Led,Logging,MCP230xx,MQTT,Main,Management,Pow,Sensor,Serial,SetOption,SonoffRF,System,Timers,Wifi} [{Display,Domoticz,Internal,KNX,Led,Logging,MCP230xx,MQTT,Main,Management,Pow,Sensor,Serial,SetOption,SonoffRF,System,Timers,Wifi} ...]]
[--ignore-warnings] [-h] [-H] [-v] [-V]
Backup/Restore Sonoff-Tasmota configuration data. Args that start with '--'
(eg. -f) can also be set in a config file (specified via -c). Config file
syntax allows: key=value, flag=true, stuff=[a,b,c] (for details, see syntax at
https://goo.gl/R74nmi). If an arg is specified in more than one place, then
commandline values override config file values which override defaults.
Source:
Read/Write Tasmota configuration from/to
-f, --file, --tasmota-file <filename>
file to retrieve/write Tasmota configuration from/to
(default: None)'
-d, --device, --host <host>
hostname or IP address to retrieve/send Tasmota
configuration from/to (default: None)
-P, --port <port> TCP/IP port number to use for the host connection
(default: 80)
-u, --username <username>
host HTTP access username (default: admin)
-p, --password <password>
host HTTP access password (default: None)
Backup/Restore:
Backup & restore specification
-i, --restore-file <filename>
file to restore configuration from (default: None).
Replacements: @v=firmware version from config,
@f=device friendly name from config, @h=device
hostname from config, @H=device hostname from device
(-d arg only)
-o, --backup-file <filename>
file to backup configuration to (default: None).
Replacements: @v=firmware version from config,
@f=device friendly name from config, @h=device
hostname from config, @H=device hostname from device
(-d arg only)
-t, --backup-type json|bin|dmp
backup filetype (default: 'json')
-E, --extension append filetype extension for -i and -o filename
(default)
-e, --no-extension do not append filetype extension, use -i and -o
filename as passed
-F, --force-restore force restore even configuration is identical
JSON output:
JSON format specification
--json-indent <indent>
pretty-printed JSON output using indent level
(default: 'None'). -1 disables indent.
--json-compact compact JSON output by eliminate whitespace
--json-hide-pw hide passwords
--json-show-pw, --json-unhide-pw
unhide passwords (default)
Tasmota command output:
Tasmota command output format specification
--cmnd-indent <indent>
Tasmota command grouping indent level (default: '2').
0 disables indent
--cmnd-groups group Tasmota commands (default)
--cmnd-nogroups leave Tasmota commands ungrouped
--cmnd-sort sort Tasmota commands (default)
--cmnd-unsort leave Tasmota commands unsorted
Common:
Optional arguments
-c, --config <filename>
program config file - can be used to set default
command args (default: None)
-S, --output display output regardsless of backup/restore usage
(default do not output on backup or restore usage)
-T, --output-format json|cmnd|command
display output format (default: 'json')
-g, --group {Display,Domoticz,Internal,KNX,Led,Logging,MCP230xx,MQTT,Main,Management,Pow,Sensor,Serial,SetOption,SonoffRF,System,Timers,Wifi}
limit data processing to command groups (default no
filter)
--ignore-warnings do not exit on warnings. Not recommended, used by your
own responsibility!
Info:
Extra information
-h, --help show usage help message and exit
-H, --full-help show full help message and exit
-v, --verbose produce more output about what the program does
-V, --version show program's version number and exit
Either argument -d <host> or -f <filename> must be given.
### Program parameter notes
_decode-config.py_
### Examples
The most of the examples are for linux command line. Under Windows call the program using `python decode-config.py ...`.
#### Config file
Note: The example contains .ini style sections `[...]`. Sections are always treated as comment and serves as clarity only.
For further details of config file syntax see [https://pypi.org/project/ConfigArgParse](https://pypi.org/project/ConfigArgParse/).
*my.conf*
[Source]
username = admin
password = myPaszxwo!z
[JSON]
json-indent 2
#### Using Tasmota binary configuration files
1. Restore a Tasmota configuration file
`decode-config.py -c my.conf -d sonoff --restore-file Config_Sonoff_6.2.1.dmp`
2. Backup device using Tasmota configuration compatible format
a) use file extension to choice the file format
`decode-config.py -c my.conf -d sonoff --backup-file Config_@f_@v.dmp`
b) use args to choice the file format
`decode-config.py -c my.conf -d sonoff --backup-type dmp --backup-file Config_@f_@v`
#### Use batch processing
for device in sonoff1 sonoff2 sonoff3; do ./decode-config.py -c my.conf -d $device -o Config_@f_@v
or under windows
for device in (sonoff1 sonoff2 sonoff3) do python decode-config.py -c my.conf -d %device -o Config_@f_@v
will produce JSON configuration files for host sonoff1, sonoff2 and sonoff3 using friendly name and Tasmota firmware version for backup filenames.
## Notes
Some general notes:
* Filename replacement macros **@h** and **@H**:
* **@h**
The **@h** replacement macro uses the hostname configured with the Tasomta Wifi `Hostname <host>` command (defaults to `%s-%04d`). It will not use the network hostname of your device because this is not available when working with files only (e.g. `--file <filename>` as source).
To prevent having a useless % in your filename, **@h** will not replaced by configuration data hostname if this contains '%' characters.
* **@H**
If you want to use the network hostname within your filename, use the **@H** replacement macro instead - but be aware this will only replaced if you are using a network device as source (`-d`, `--device`, `--host`); it will not work when using a file as source (`-f`, `--file`)
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